O’Hair founded American Atheists, campaigned for the separation of church and state, and was an appellant in a landmark Supreme Court Case that recognized the equal religious freedom rights of nonbelievers and believers. She is pictured here with fellow appellants, the Schempp family. Time Magazine called her the “Most hated woman in America,” and she did, in fact, offend many with her vulgar language, derisive attitude, and unconventional lifestyle. In later years, O’Hair fell from the public eye, and was increasingly surrounded by rumors and accusations of extreme secrecy and family scandal. She ultimately disappeared and, after three years, investigators concluded that she had been murdered for money by an associate and coworker.